Manufacture of paper-pulp.



p'NrrEn STATES PATENT oEEicE.

LE NORMANT DES VARANNES AND ANTOINE REGNOUF DE VAINS,

MARIUS OF s1. VINCENT DE BLANZAT, NEAR OEBAZAT, EEANcE.

MANUFACTURE OF PAPER-PULP.

No. 818,206. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented April 17, 1906.

1 A li ati fil d January 21, 1905. Serial No. 242,197.

fact,-vigorously attacks all metals in order to form the corresponding chlorids. In the case of iron, for example, We have the reaction:

Fe 2Ol=FeOl ZFeOl 201 Fe,Cl Intact, a mixture of protochlorid chlorid of iron results.

The reaction for copper is the same:

011+ 201: OuOl To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that we, MARIUS LE NORMANT DEs VARANNES and ANTOINE REcNoUE DE VAINs, engineers, citizens of the Republic of I France, residing at the Paper Mill, St. Vin- 1 cent de Blanzat, by Cbazat, Puy de Dome, in the Republic of France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of PaperPulp, of which the fol- 1 lowing is a specification.

Pulps intended for the manufacture of photographic and other papers undergo in the practical execution of our process the ordiand of pernary treatment up to the refining operation. For Zinc,

It should, however, be understood that all Zn +2O1 ZI1C1 possible precautions should be taken in order For to diminish the number of metallic particles 511+ 2O] qnC1 introduced accidentally into the pulp-that is to say, the breaking-cylinder should be proand n vided with blades of very good hard steel and a plate 0! the same metal, while the trough should not be of metal. These precautions are not absolutely indispensable; but they increase the rapidity of the succeeding operations and decrease the amount of waste. The torn rags are then placed in a stuff-engine. which is likewise provided with steel blades. Bronze should also be eliminated, as blades of bronze present the defect in the operation in question of making the pulp too fat, and this is always effected abundantly by the suc ceeding operations. The pulp is completely refined without sizing and is then conducted into a vat. From this latter it first of all asses over a long sand-trap serving to stop all the heavy particles, the reactions of which might not be rapid, and then into a half-stuff machine similar to the head of a paper-enginethat is to say, a making-table with siphons, a wet press, and in addition a strong couching-press. The paper thus obtained is thick and retains a small quantity of water in its pulp. Itis rolled in the same manner as pulp intended to be bleached with gaseous chlorin. The rolled paper is then introduced into hermetically-closed chests, in which it is submitted to a simple slight bleaching with gaseous chlorin. This operation presents the double advantage of bleaching the pulp and of attaching the metallic particles, converting them into soluble substances readily eliminated merely by washing.

At the ordinary temperature chlorin, in

snc1,+ 201 SnCl In the passage through the hall-stuff machine care should be taken that the pressure is sufficient to insure that the paper obtained presents the appearance of moist blottingpaper, which is, however, still capable of absorbing a little moisture in such a manner that the soluble compound maybe sucked up, because the chlorin does not act completely upon the metallic particles except when the composition formed is completely absorbed, and the metal always presents to it faces not impregnated with the substances that are formed.

The treatment with gaseous chlorin cannot be replaced by treatment with liquid chlorin, which is far more simple, but which gives unsatisfactory results. Similarly, in all the other reactions attempted in the liquid pulp the metallic particles at the beginning of the reaction become surrounded by a bubble of gas and are no longer attacked.

The employment of gaseous chlorin presents the double advantage of producing comlete elimination of the metallic particles and of bleaching the pulp. main in contact with the chlorin as long as the bleaching appears to require Without, however, prolonging this contact to such a point as to injure the quality of the pulp. In an case after a stay of an hoursdurationin the bleaching-chest all the metallic reactions are completed. The pulp then passes into a washing and diluting apparatus of stone,

This latter may reticles during this last operation, To this end 2 5 the plates of the siphons should be of ebonite, all the rollers supporting the apron should be 11g of a refined pulp presents covered with ebonite, the presses should be where it is washed until all traces of chlorin have disappeared. The metallic particles are then entirely eliminated.

As the wash some difiiculties and takes place slowly the of stone, and the metal doctors should be stuff-engine in order to hasten operations is omitted. 0 provided with several washing-drums. In What we claim, and desire to secure by Letorder to decrease the amount of waste, the ters Patent of the United States, is washing-waters are caused to pass through a The process of eliminating metallic partiseries of pulp-retainers or save-alls. cles from paper-pulp which consists in sub- When the washing effected is judged to be j ecting the same, after it has been completely 3 5 sufficient, it is stopped and sizing is carried finished, or refined, and before sizing, to the out in the engine itself. Then before being action of gaseous chlorin to convert the mesent to the paper-machine the pulp, the dilutallic particles .into soluble chlorids and then tion of which is not absolutely perfect, passes removing said chlorids by washing. into a stone beating-engine, (similar to the In testimony whereof we have hereunto set 40 Thode refining apparatus,) which renders it our hands in presence of two subscribing witabsolutely homogeneous and removes the nesses this 6th day of January, 1905.

25; MilRIUS LE NORMANT DES VARANNES. tured by the machine, and itsvquality will be All TOINE REGNOUF DE VAINS' so much the better in view of the fact that all Witnesses desirable precautions have been taken for ob- PAUL OoULoMB, viating the introduction of fresh metallic par- ARCHIBALD R. BAKER. 

